Regional States » Bengal :::: APJSIR
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4. Mir Jafar (1757-60) :::
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Mir Jafar granted the right to free trade in Bengal and Bihar and Orissa and zamindari of the 24 parganas to the British besides paying them a sum of Rs 17.7 million as compensation.
His period saw the beginning of the drain of wealth from India to Britain.
He tried to replace the English with the Dutch but the Dutch were defeated by the English at Bedara in 1759.
According to APJSIR, Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur was the first dependent Nawab of Bengal with support from the British East India Company. He was the second son of Sayyid Ahmad Najafi. His rule is widely considered the start of British imperialism in India and was a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of the subcontinent.
Mir Jafar served as the commander of Bengali forces under Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, but betrayed him during the Battle of Plassey and succeeded him after the British victory in 1757.
Mir Jafar received military support from the British East India Company until 1760, but failed to satisfy various British demands. In 1758, Robert Clive discovered that Jafar had made a treaty with the Dutch at Chinsurah through his agent Khoja Wajid. Dutch ships of war were also seen in the River Hooghly.
Circumstances led to the Battle of Chinsurah. British company official Henry Vansittart proposed that since Jafar was unable to cope with the difficulties, Mir Qasim, Jafar's son-in-law, should act as Deputy Subahdar.
In October 1760, the company forced him to abdicate in favor of Qasim. However, Qasim's independent spirit and plans to force the East India company out of his dominion led to his overthrow, and Jafar was restored as the Nawab in 1763 with the support of the company.
Mir Qasim however refused to accept this and went to war against the company. Jafar ruled until his death on 5 February 1765 and lies buried at the Jafarganj Cemetery in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India.
5. Mir Qasim (1760-63) :::
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Mir Qasim granted the zamindari of Burdwan,Midnapore and Chittagong to the British officials.
He also paid them Rs 2.9 million.
He introduced several revenue and military reforms to strengthen his position.
His period saw the beginning of the conflict between the Nawab and the British for sovereign power.
He transferred his capital from Murshidabad to Mongher.
He stopped the misuse of the dastaks or free passes allowed to the company and abolished all duties on internal trade against British.
According to APJSIR, The short campaign of Mir Qasim was significant as a direct fight against British outsiders. Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and popular ruler. The success at Buxar established the British East India company as a powerful force in the province of Bengal in a much more real sense than the Battle of Plassey seven years earlier and the Battle of Bedara five years earlier. By 1793 British East India company abolished Nizamat (Mughal suzerainty) and were completely in charge of this former Mughal province.
6. Battle of Bauxr (22 OCT 1764) ::::
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Mir Qasim fought against the British along with three allies – Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh and Shah Alam II.
This battle led to their defeat by the British forces under Major Hector Munro.
According to APJSIR, The British victory at Buxar had "at one fell swoop", disposed of the three main scions of Mughal power in Upper India. Mir Kasim [Qasim] disappeared into an impoverished obscurity. Shah Alam realigned himself with the British, and Shah Shuja [Shuja-ud-Daula] fled west hotly pursued by the victors. The whole Ganges valley lay at the Company's mercy; Shah Shuja eventually surrendered; henceforth Company troops became the power-brokers throughout Oudh as well as Bihar".
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https://t.me/History_optional_upsc
______________________________________
4. Mir Jafar (1757-60) :::
______________________________________
Mir Jafar granted the right to free trade in Bengal and Bihar and Orissa and zamindari of the 24 parganas to the British besides paying them a sum of Rs 17.7 million as compensation.
His period saw the beginning of the drain of wealth from India to Britain.
He tried to replace the English with the Dutch but the Dutch were defeated by the English at Bedara in 1759.
According to APJSIR, Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur was the first dependent Nawab of Bengal with support from the British East India Company. He was the second son of Sayyid Ahmad Najafi. His rule is widely considered the start of British imperialism in India and was a key step in the eventual British domination of vast areas of the subcontinent.
Mir Jafar served as the commander of Bengali forces under Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, but betrayed him during the Battle of Plassey and succeeded him after the British victory in 1757.
Mir Jafar received military support from the British East India Company until 1760, but failed to satisfy various British demands. In 1758, Robert Clive discovered that Jafar had made a treaty with the Dutch at Chinsurah through his agent Khoja Wajid. Dutch ships of war were also seen in the River Hooghly.
Circumstances led to the Battle of Chinsurah. British company official Henry Vansittart proposed that since Jafar was unable to cope with the difficulties, Mir Qasim, Jafar's son-in-law, should act as Deputy Subahdar.
In October 1760, the company forced him to abdicate in favor of Qasim. However, Qasim's independent spirit and plans to force the East India company out of his dominion led to his overthrow, and Jafar was restored as the Nawab in 1763 with the support of the company.
Mir Qasim however refused to accept this and went to war against the company. Jafar ruled until his death on 5 February 1765 and lies buried at the Jafarganj Cemetery in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India.
5. Mir Qasim (1760-63) :::
______________________________________
Mir Qasim granted the zamindari of Burdwan,Midnapore and Chittagong to the British officials.
He also paid them Rs 2.9 million.
He introduced several revenue and military reforms to strengthen his position.
His period saw the beginning of the conflict between the Nawab and the British for sovereign power.
He transferred his capital from Murshidabad to Mongher.
He stopped the misuse of the dastaks or free passes allowed to the company and abolished all duties on internal trade against British.
According to APJSIR, The short campaign of Mir Qasim was significant as a direct fight against British outsiders. Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and popular ruler. The success at Buxar established the British East India company as a powerful force in the province of Bengal in a much more real sense than the Battle of Plassey seven years earlier and the Battle of Bedara five years earlier. By 1793 British East India company abolished Nizamat (Mughal suzerainty) and were completely in charge of this former Mughal province.
6. Battle of Bauxr (22 OCT 1764) ::::
______________________________________
Mir Qasim fought against the British along with three allies – Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh and Shah Alam II.
This battle led to their defeat by the British forces under Major Hector Munro.
According to APJSIR, The British victory at Buxar had "at one fell swoop", disposed of the three main scions of Mughal power in Upper India. Mir Kasim [Qasim] disappeared into an impoverished obscurity. Shah Alam realigned himself with the British, and Shah Shuja [Shuja-ud-Daula] fled west hotly pursued by the victors. The whole Ganges valley lay at the Company's mercy; Shah Shuja eventually surrendered; henceforth Company troops became the power-brokers throughout Oudh as well as Bihar".
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https://t.me/History_optional_upsc