•Diabetes
◦ Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body fails to regulate blood glucose levels effectively due to insufficient insulin production or impaired insulin response.
• Types of Diabetes
◦ Diabetes mellitus:
▪ Diabetes mellitus, the most prevalent form of diabetes, occurs when the body cannot effectively produce or utilize insulin, leading to unregulated blood sugar levels.
▪ It is categorized into two main types:
▪ Type 1 Diabetes (T1D):
▪ Autoimmune condition; pancreas produces little or no insulin.
▪ Typically affects children and young adults.
▪ Type 2 Diabetes (T2D):
▪ Caused by insulin resistance and reduced insulin production.
▪ Associated with lifestyle factors like obesity and inactivity.
◦ Gestational Diabetes:
▪ Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant women, leading to elevated blood sugar levels without an obvious cause.
▪ Develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth.
◦ Diabetes Insipidus:
▪ Diabetes insipidus arises when the hypothalamus fails to produce or respond to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which helps the kidneys regulate body water levels.
▪ Without this hormone, the kidneys excrete a large volume of diluted and odourless urine.
◦ Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body fails to regulate blood glucose levels effectively due to insufficient insulin production or impaired insulin response.
• Types of Diabetes
◦ Diabetes mellitus:
▪ Diabetes mellitus, the most prevalent form of diabetes, occurs when the body cannot effectively produce or utilize insulin, leading to unregulated blood sugar levels.
▪ It is categorized into two main types:
▪ Type 1 Diabetes (T1D):
▪ Autoimmune condition; pancreas produces little or no insulin.
▪ Typically affects children and young adults.
▪ Type 2 Diabetes (T2D):
▪ Caused by insulin resistance and reduced insulin production.
▪ Associated with lifestyle factors like obesity and inactivity.
◦ Gestational Diabetes:
▪ Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant women, leading to elevated blood sugar levels without an obvious cause.
▪ Develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth.
◦ Diabetes Insipidus:
▪ Diabetes insipidus arises when the hypothalamus fails to produce or respond to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which helps the kidneys regulate body water levels.
▪ Without this hormone, the kidneys excrete a large volume of diluted and odourless urine.