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📝 STATIC CONTENT


🌀 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD): The CBD is an international treaty signed at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. It has three main objectives:

• The conservation of biological diversity.
• The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity.
• The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources.

India ratified the CBD in 1994.

🌀 National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs): NBSAPs are the principal instruments for implementing the CBD at the national level.

• Each party to the CBD is required to develop an NBSAP.
• They provide a framework for integrating biodiversity considerations into national policies, programs, and plans.

🌀 Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF): Adopted at COP15 of the CBD in Montreal in 2022, the KMGBF sets out a global roadmap for biodiversity conservation to 2030.

• It includes four long-term goals for 2050 and 23 action-oriented global targets for 2030.
• The KMGBF replaced the Aichi Biodiversity Targets.

🌀 Biological Diversity Act, 2002: This Indian legislation implements the provisions of the CBD.

It establishes the
• National Biodiversity Authority (NBA),
• State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) and
• Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)
for regulating access to biological resources and ensuring equitable benefit-sharing.

• The Act also mandates the preparation of the National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP).

👉 Principles of Biodiversity Conservation: The NBSAP, in line with the CBD, incorporates principles such as:

• Conservation of ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity.
• Sustainable use of biological resources.
• Equitable sharing of benefits.
• Precautionary principle.
• Public participation.
• Integration of biodiversity concerns into sectoral plans.

📌

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) - Update

Key Highlights:

Submission: Submitted on October 31, 2024, to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) portal during COP-16 in Cali, Colombia.

Alignment: Fully aligned with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF)'s 4 goals and 23 targets. Implementation considers national context, priorities, and capabilities.

Focus Areas:

• Conservation of biodiversity.
• Sustainable utilization of biological resources.
• Benefit-sharing arising from the utilization of genetic resources.
• Terrestrial and marine area protection.
• Ecosystem restoration.
• Pollution control and invasive species management.

Key Priorities:

- Species conservation.
- Sustainable use of wild species.
- Enhanced management of ecosystem services.
- Increased access to green spaces in urban areas.
- Development of wildlife corridors to mitigate habitat fragmentation.
- Active community participation in biodiversity governance.

Development Process

Wide consultative process involving:

• 23 central ministries.
• National and state-level organizations.
• Local communities and stakeholders.

"Whole-of-Government" and "Whole-of-Society" approach.