Immunology and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
To understand how vaccines work and the foundation of
recommendations for their use, it is helpful to understand the
basic function of the human immune system. The following
description is simplified; many excellent immunology textbooks
provide additional detail.
Immunity is the ability of the human body to tolerate the
presence of material indigenous to the body and to eliminate
foreign substances. This discriminatory ability to eliminate
foreign substances is performed by a complex system of
interacting cells called the immune system. Since most
organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, and fungi) are identified as
foreign, the ability to identify and eliminate these substances
provides protection from infectious diseases. Immunity is
generally specific to a single organism or group of closely
related organisms.
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