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🔆Regionalism

✅Regionalism, a political ideology that focuses on the interests of a particular region or group of regions. Regionalism seeks to the political attributes associated with people’s love for their region, culture, language, etc, with a view to maintain their independent identity.
✅Further, Regionalism is a political movement that seeks to advance regional cause of development. As a process it plays role within the nation as well as at international level.
✅Both types of regionalism have different meanings and have positive as well as negative impact on society, polity, diplomacy, economy, security, culture, development, negotiations, etc.
✅The meaning of the term of regionalism at national level refers to a process in which sub-state factors become increasingly powerful.
✅Flence, Regionalism leads to amplifying a region’s influence and magnifying its political prowess through pacifistic ways such as devolution and decentralization as well as more aggressive means like separatism or even a struggle for independence. For example, demand for separate state as Telangana, Gorkha territorial Administration, Vidarbha region, Bundelkhand region in UP and even early demand for separate states on linguistic basis.

📍Iqbal Narain has identified three major types of regionalism in India.

✅Supra-State Regionalism: It is built around the issues of common interest in which group of states form a common political alliance, directed against either the similar alliance of other states or the union. It is issue specific. Dravidian movement in southern states is an example.
✅Inter State Regionalism: It is co-terminus with state boundaries and involves juxtaposing of on or more state identities against another or specific issues, which threaten their interest. River water in general and border dispute in particular are its manifestations. It is evident from conflict between Karnatka and Tamil Nadu over sharing of Cauvery water, or border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka.
✅Intra-State Regionalism: In this, a regional community is against the state in which they are situated. It aimed at assuring oneself of self-identity and selfdevelopment. E.g Khalistan movement.

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🔆Clean Plant Programme to boost horticulture sector
Clean Plant Programme (CPP) approved

✅The Union Cabinet, chaired by PM Modi, approved the CPP with an outlay of Rs 1,766 crore to revolutionize India's horticulture sector.
✅The programme, proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, aims to enhance the quality and productivity of fruit crops across the nation.
✅It was earlier announced in the Budget speech by finance minister in February 2023.
✅The CPP will address virus infections in horticultural crops, affecting both productivity and quality.
✅Implemented by: National Horticulture Board in association with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

📍Key components of the programme
✅establishment of nine world-class Clean Plant Centres (CPCs) across India, equipped with advanced diagnostic therapeutics and tissue culture labs; and
✅implementation of a robust certification system under the Seeds Act 1966.

📍Other features of the programme
✅CPP includes infrastructure support to large-scale nurseries for efficient multiplication of clean planting material.
✅The programme will prioritise affordable access to clean plant material for all farmers, regardless of their landholding size or socioeconomic status.
✅It will also actively engage women farmers in its planning and implementation.

📍Benefits
✅The CPP is expected to benefit farmers, nurseries, consumers, and boost exports.
✅It will provide farmers access to virus-free, high-quality planting material, leading to increased crop yields and improved income opportunities.
✅Horticultural exports have increased to over Rs 50,000 crore in last ten years.
✅The initiative aligns with Mission LiFE and the One Health initiatives, promoting sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices while reducing dependence on imported planting materials.

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